Thursday, August 16, 2012

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

An ectopic pregnancy typically occurs in one of the fallopian tubes. This type of ectopic pregnancy is known as a tubal pregnancy. In some cases, however, an ectopic pregnancy occurs in the abdominal cavity, ovary or cervix.
Abdominal or pelvic pain and light vaginal bleeding are often the first warning signs of an ectopic pregnancy.
The risk of having an ectopic pregnancy increase, if you have a history of ectopic pregnancy, or infection of fallopian tubes in the past.

Ruptured Ectopic pregnancy is an emergency situation, and may lead to excessive bleeding and shock.
Early diagnosis is important; Ultrasonography is the test of choice. 

Saturday, August 4, 2012

EXCESSIVE MENSTRUAL BLEEDING / MENORRHAGIA

Menorrhagia is defined as menstruation at regular cycle intervals but with excessive flow and duration. Clinically, menorrhagia is defined as total blood loss exceeding 80 mL per cycle or menses lasting longer than 7 days.


  • Young patients, from menarche to the late-teen years, most commonly have anovulatory bleeding due to the immaturity of their hypothalamic-pituitary axis.





  • Women aged 25-50 years may have organic or structural abnormalities. Uterine Fibroids or polyps are frequent  findings.





  • Postmenopausal women with any uterine bleeding should receive an immediate workup for endometrial cancer.



  • Pregnancy should  be excluded before further testing or medications are advised.
    Other differential diagnoses must be kept in mind while assessing a patient with menorrhagia.

    Investigations : Pelvic ultrasound is the best noninvasive imaging study to assess uterine shape, size, and contour; endometrial thickness; and adnexal areas.

    Successful treatment of chronic menorrhagia is highly dependent on a thorough understanding of the exact etiology. Treatment must be individualized based on the cause of bleeding.

    For any queries, pl contact Dr Deepika Tiwari, Gynecologist, Gurgaon 9911821669

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